Estelle Weyl · Standardista.com · @estellevw ·Press and to change slides.

Web Forms 2.0

New form elements &
Attributes in HTML5

Estelle Weyl

Slides: standardista.com/forms/

About Me

HTML5 & CSS3 for the Real World Mobile HTML5: Using the Latest Today by Estelle Weyl and Maximiliano Firtman

Name: Estelle Weyl
Blog: standardista.com
Twitter: @estellevw

Why?

tel input type on iphone url input type on iphone and android email input type on iphone

Why?

HTML 4 <Input> Types

  • button
  • checkbox
  • file*
  • hidden
  • image
  • password
  • radio
  • reset
  • submit
  • text
* disabled on iPad, iPhone, iPod Touch

<input> types new in HTML5

  • color
  • date
  • datetime
  • datetime-local
  • email
  • month
  • number
  • range
  • search
  • tel
  • time
  • url
  • week

<input> attributes in HTML 4

  • name
  • disabled*
  • type
  • maxlength
  • readonly
  • size
  • value
  • alt
  • src
  • height
  • width
  • checked*
  • align**
  • * pseudoclasses can target with :disabled and :checked
  • ** align is deprecated. Use CSS.

New <input> attributes in HTML5

  • form
  • readonly
  • autocomplete
  • autofocus
  • list
  • pattern
  • required*
  • placeholder
  • multiple
  • list
  • min
  • max
  • step
  • formaction
  • formenctype
  • formmethod
  • formtarget
  • formnovalidate
  • * pseudoclass :required can target.
  • Others: Use attribute selector to target

Other form elements

Old Elements

  • <form>
  • <fieldset>
  • <legend>
  • <textarea>
  • <label>
  • <select>
  • <option>
  • <optgroup>

New Elements

  • <datalist>
  • <output>
  • <meter>
  • <progress>
  • <keygen>

Labels

<label for="inputID">Label: </label> 
<input id="inputID" name="inputName" type="text" />

or

<label>Label: <input name="inputName" type="text" /></label>

The value of the for attribute should match the value of the input's id attribute


Click on the label to activate the form element:

Attribute Soup

<label for="name">Name: </label> 
<input id="name" name="inputName" 
  placeholder="placeholder text" 
  pattern="\w{6,9}" 
  required
  autofocus
  type="text"/>

Note that the following CSS is used in our live examples:

input:focus:invalid { background-color: lightPink;}
input:valid { background-color:lightGreen }
input:required {border: 2px solid red;}
input:optional {border: 2px solid green;}

placeholder attribute

<label for="inputID">Label: </label> 
<input id="inputID" name="inputName" 
  placeholder="placeholder text" 
  pattern="\w{6,9}" 
  required
  autofocus
  type="text"/>
  • Firefox
  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • IE10 b2

pattern attribute

<label for="inputID">Label: </label> 
<input id="inputID" name="inputName" 
  placeholder="\w{6,9}" 
  pattern="\w{6,9}" 
  required
  autofocus
  type="text"/>

  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • Firefox
  • IE10 b2

required attribute

<label for="inputID">Label: </label> 
<input id="inputID" name="inputName" 
  placeholder="placeholder text" 
  pattern="\w{6,9}"
  required 
  type="text"/>

input[required] {border: 1px dashed #f00;}  or 
input:required {border: 1px dashed #f00;}

FF: "Please fill out this field"

  • Firefox
  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • IE10 b2

Targeting in CSS without Touching HTML!

  • :default
  • :valid
  • :invalid
  • :in-range
  • :out-of-range
  • :required
  • :optional
  • :read-only
  • :read-write
  • input[type=checkbox]
  • input[required]
  • input:not([required])







autofocus attribute

<label for="inputID">Label: </label> 
<input id="inputID" name="inputName" 
  placeholder="placeholder text" 
  pattern="\w{6,9}"
  required
  autofocus 
  type="text"/>

only one element can have the autofocus attribute

$('[autofocus]').last().focus();
  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • Firefox
  • IE10 b2

type attribute

<label for="inputID">Label: </label> 
<input id="inputID" name="inputName" 
  placeholder="placeholder text" 
  pattern="\w{6,9}"
  required
  autofocus
  type="text" />

  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • Firefox
  • IE

All browsers understand the attribute, but not all values

form attribute

<label for="inputID">Label: </label> 
<input id="inputID" name="inputName" 
  placeholder="placeholder text" 
  pattern="\w{6,9}"
  required
  autofocus
  form="notMyParentForm"
  type="text" />

Note: form="" disassociates a form element from its parent form.

  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • Firefox
  • IE

HTML 4 values of the type attribute

  • button does nothing. use button or js
  • checkbox unchecked not submitted with form
  • file disabled in iPhone/iOS
  • hidden
  • image works like <button>
  • password use post, not get
  • radio
  • reset can lead to bad user experience
  • submit
  • text default
  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • Firefox
  • IE

All browsers understand these values.

13 New input types in HTML5

  • color
  • url
  • tel
  • email
  • number
  • range
  • search
  • date
  • datetime
  • datetime-local
  • month
  • time
  • week
  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • Firefox
  • IE10 b2

Mixed browser support for all of these.

color

<input name="color" 
type="color" />
<input id="color" name="color" 
type="color"       
placeholder="#FFFFFF" 
pattern="#[0-9A-Fa-f]{6}"
required />
  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • Firefox
  • IE10 b2

url

<input  name="website" type="url" />
  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • Firefox
  • IE10 b2
Any prefix (http:// or even g:// accepted)
<input 
id="website" 
name="url" 
type="url"
placeholder="http://www.domain.com" 
pattern="(http|https|ftp)\:\/\/[a-zA-Z0-9\-\.\/]*"/>

url

URL input type in iphone and android

different dynamic keyboards displayed based on input type.

tel

tel input type on iphone
<input name="telephone" type="tel" />

Custom Keyboard. No validation.

<input 
id="phone" name="phone" type="tel"
placeholder="415-555-1212" 
pattern="\d{3}\-\d{3}\-\d{4}"/>
  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • Firefox
  • IE10 b2

email

email input type on iphone
<input  name="address" type="email" />

Keyboard changes & validation!

<input id="email" name="email" 
type="email"
placeholder="you@domain.com" 
multiple />
  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • Firefox
  • IE10 b2
multiple' emails separated with commas

number

<input name="n" type="number"/>
            

'number' specific attributes:

  • min
  • max
  • step
<input id="nickels" 
type="number"
placeholder="0, 5, 10 …"  
pattern="[0-9]*[05]" 
min="0" 
max="1000" 
step="5" />
  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • Firefox
  • IE10 b2
  • Supporting browsers have enhanced UI
  • Safari associates :valid, but dooesn't validate.

range

<input id="range" name="range" 
type="range" 
placeholder="0 to 10" 
pattern="[0-9]|10" 
min="0" max="10" 
step="1"/>
Current Value:
<input id="range" name="range" 
type="range"  
min="0" max="100" 
step="5"/>
Current Value:
  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • Firefox
  • IE

search

<input 
id="search" 
name="search" 
type="search" 
placeholder="search terms"/>
  
  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • Firefox
  • IE10 b2
Warning: if you stylize the input, the 'delete' may not show

date & time

date 2010-11-03
datetime 2010-11-03 19:00
datetime-local 2010-11-03 19:00
month 2010-11
time 19:00
week 2010-W44
  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • Firefox
  • IE

Useful Dates

<input id="DOB" name="DOB" 
 type="date" 
 placeholder="YYYY-MM-DD" 
 pattern="\d{4}\-\d{2}\-\d{2}"
 min="1900-01-01" /> 

Added date functionality

<input  name="time" id="time"
 type="time" 
 min="09:00" 
 max="17:00"
 step="900" 
 placeholder="12:00" 
 required /> 

  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • Firefox
  • IE

HTML5 Form Element Attributes

  • required
  • min
  • max
  • step
  • placeholder
  • pattern
  • autofocus
  • autocomplete
  • form
  • list
  • type
  • readonly
  • disabled
  • maxlength
  • size






Validation

var validityObject = document.getElementById['form_control'].validity;
  • validityObject.valueMissing
  • validityObject.typeMismatch
  • validityObject.patternMismatch
  • validityObject.tooLong
  • validityObject.rangeUnderflow
  • validityObject.rangeOverflow
  • validityObject.stepMismatch
  • validityObject.valid
  • validityObject.customError

Custom Error message

function validate() {
  var input = document.getElementById('b');
  var validityState_object = input.validity;
  if(validityState_object.valueMissing) {
     input.setCustomValidity('Please set an age (required)');	
  } else if (input.rangeUnderflow) {
    input.setCustomValidity('Your value is too low');
  } else if (input.rangeOverflow) {
    input.setCustomValidity('Your value is too high');
  } else {
    input.setCustomValidity('');
  }
}          
          

Styling

::-webkit-validation-bubble  {}
::-webkit-validation-bubble-arrow-clipper  {}
::-webkit-validation-bubble-arrow {}
::-webkit-validation-bubble-message {}

list attribute and <datalist>

<label for="url">Web Address: </label>
<input id="url" type="url" name="url1" placeholder="www.domain.com" required  list="datalist1" />
  
<datalist id="datalist1">
  <option value="http://www.standardista.com" />
  <option value="http://www.oreilly.com" />
  <option value="http://www.evotech.net" />
</datalist>

  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • Firefox
  • IE10 b2

<meter>, <progress> & <output>

<meter value=75 min=0 max=100 >75% full</meter>

Gas tank: 75% full

<progress>loading...</progress>

Please wait: loading...

<progress value="75" max="100">75% complete</progress>

Download is: 75% complete

<output>
  • Safari
  • Chrome
  • Opera
  • Firefox
  • IE

Mo' <meter>

<meter value=90 min=0 max=100 low=20 high=98>75%</meter>

Gas tank: 90% full

<meter value=75 min=0 max=100 low=20 high=98>75%</meter>

Grades: 75%

<meter min=50 max=200 low=90 high=119 optimum=100></meter>

Blood Pressure: 125

Speech Input

<input type="text" x-webkit-speech />